Alaska is a unique place with a unique vocabulary. Words derived from Native culture, as well as regional colloquialisms, are not uncommon and have been known to cause confusion to the unprepared visitor. Study up on your Alaska vocabulary and you might just be able to convince the sourdoughs that you’re not a cheechako after all!
Photo Credit: Travel Alaska
Alcan – Short for the Alaska-Canada Highway, the Alcan is the historic road linking Alaska with the Lower 48 through Canada. Built during World War II, the highway is still a popular route for adventurous travelers driving north into the state.
breakup season – Alaska’s version of spring, when the weather gets warmer and the snow begins to melt. Not the peak visiting season but a sure sign that summer is on the horizon!
cheechako – A newcomer to Alaska or the Yukon. The term originally referred to Gold Rush newcomers; also used to describe someone who has never spent a winter in Alaska.
dipnetting – A form of subsistence fishing where Alaskans use large dip nets to catch salmon, most famously on the Kenai River as well as the Copper River. Only Alaska residents can dipnet, but it’s an impressive sight for visitors to witness.
frost heaves – Bumps and ridges that form in the road when the ground freezes and thaws unevenly. A common feature on Alaska highways, they make for a bumpy ride if you’re not paying attention.
Homer Spit – A narrow, five-mile stretch of land extending into Kachemak Bay and a popular destination for both tourists and locals. The Spit boasts amazing restaurants, the famous Salty Dawg Saloon, a harbor and some of the best views in the state.
kuspuk – A traditional Alaska Native overshirt or parka cover with long sleeves, a hood, and front pockets. Kuspuks usually fall just above the knees and are worn by both men and women.
Lower 48 – The 48 contiguous states that make up the continental U.S.
mukluk – A soft boot made of reindeer, seal, or moose hide traditionally worn by Arctic Indigenous peoples. Modern versions are often lined with fur and remain both practical and stylish in Alaska’s cold winters.
nanook – The Inuit word for polar bear; also the mascot of the University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Outside – Refers to anywhere outside of Alaska. Don’t worry, it’s generally pretty easy to distinguish between someone saying they’re going outside to get the mail and they’re going Outside for a tropical vacation.
skookum – A word meaning strong, impressive, or excellent. You’ll hear it used to describe everything from a sturdy cabin to a particularly good cup of coffee.
snowmachine – What Alaskans call a snowmobile. Almost everyone in Alaska uses snowmachine instead of snowmobile, whether talking about winter transportation, racing or heading out to a remote cabin. It’s a key part of life in many rural communities during the snowy months.
sourdough – A longtime Alaskan. The term derived from the sourdough starter mix that early Alaskan pioneers carried with them to make breads and hotcakes.
termination dust – The first dusting of snow on the mountains in the early fall, signaling that winter weather is right around the corner.
The Bush – Anywhere in Alaska not connected to the road system or Alaska Marine Highway ferry routes. Many rural communities in “the Bush” are accessible only by plane or boat.
tundra – A treeless Arctic plain where the subsoil is permanently frozen (permafrost). During the short summer, the tundra bursts into bloom with wildflowers, mosses, and lichens, making it a surprising highlight for visitors.
ulu – A traditional Alaska Native all-purpose knife and a popular souvenir for visitors.
Xtratufs – Popular with fishermen and just about every Alaskan, Xtratufs are sturdy brown rubber boots designed to withstand the elements. They’re also a staple of Alaska fashion.
Ready to Test Out Your Alaska Vocabulary?
Photo Credit: Travel Alaska
Now that you know the difference between a cheechako and a sourdough — and why you should watch out for frost heaves on the Alcan — you’re ready to experience the culture and character of Alaska for yourself. Book your stay at a Holland America Hotel and put your new vocabulary into practice while exploring the state’s unforgettable towns, landscapes and traditions.
